Research has demonstrated that this exacerbates existing mental health concerns among university students (Klussman et al., 2020). 500 Montgomery Street,Suite 820Alexandria, VA. 22314Phone (703) 684.7722Toll Free (800) 969.6642Fax (703) 684.5968. Implications and recommendations for psychoeducation and counseling interventions to promote PsyCap and adaptive coping strategies in university students are presented. Findings on the effectiveness of problem-focused coping strategies versus emotion-focused coping strategies suggest the effectiveness of the particular strategy is contingent on the context, with controllable issues being better addressed through problem-focused strategies, while emotion-focused strategies are more effective with circumstances that cannot be controlled (Finkelstein-Fox & Park, 2019). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(2), 267283. Northwestern University. Exercise regularly. Healthcare workers were exposed to this highly infectious virus during the pandemic and suffered several social and psychological consequences, such as anxiety, psychological distress, and burnout. -. Future researchers examining well-being in university students in different regions of the country or internationally may wish to further investigate the applicability of the PERMA model as a measure of university students well-being during the pandemic. The experiences and emotional responses of finalyear nursing students who volunteered to carry out healthcare relief tasks during the peak of the COVID19 pandemic were explored, and the coping strategies they adopted to deal with this situation were identified. Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). The main coping methods used were watching movies and listening to music (81%), playing sports (80%), praying (75%), rigorously applying social distancing measures An official website of the United States government. Grieve those losses, then reframe how you think about these life events. Engagement coping includes problem-focused coping and some forms of emotion-focused coping, such as support seeking, emotion regulation, acceptance, and cognitive restructuring. Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. (2009). These patterns are primarily driven by those with more negative experiences of the pandemic. Psychiatric Services, 70(1), 6063. Field, A. responded. Soothing the nervous system, by taking care of the body, can help to bring us back to a healthier place. Fifty-four percent of the participants were undergraduate students (n = 326), and the remaining 46% were graduate students (n = 283). Kozakiewicz A, Izdebski Z, Biaorudzki M, Mazur J. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. iGen: Why todays super-connected kids are growing up less rebellious, more tolerant, less happyand completely unprepared for adulthoodand what that means for the rest of us. Such factors as age, gender, and place of residence influenced the choice of specific strategies of coping with stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. 405415). Future researchers should consider issues of internal consistency as they choose scales and interpret results. The authors reported no conflict of interest Int J Environ Res Public Health. Researchers have also examined the mediating role of PsyCap in the relationship between positive emotion and academic performance (Carmona-Halty et al., 2019; Hazan Liran & Miller, 2019; B. C. Luthans et al., 2012; K. W. Luthans et al., 2016); relationships and predictions between PsyCap and mental health in university students (Selvaraj & Bhat, 2018); and relationships between PsyCap, well-being, and coping (Rabenu et al., 2017). https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2017.1388434, Hazan Liran, B., & Miller, P. (2019). Int J Environ Res Public Health. Stress Health, 31(3), 180188. Coping, stress, and social resources among adults with unipolar depression. Gallup. Worry and stress fuel record drop in U.S. life satisfaction. The experience of emotional wellbeing. Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. OH The PERMA-Profiler: A brief multidimensional measure of flourishing. Journal of Mental Health, 27(3), 279287. Both courses trained students to respond to chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosives incidents. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Cluster analysis for strategies of coping with stress. The relationship between psychological capital, coping with stress, well-being, and performance. COVID-19 and school closures impacted many children and adolescents' mental health and well-being. Learn more about whole health and what you can do to improve your overall wellness including preparing for your wellness during the COVID-19 outbreak. Atria Books. Of course, its good to stay informed, especially Background: During COVID-19 pandemic, student nurses were faced with lot of challenges at both clinical and teaching and learning environment. Support expected during the pandemic:. Findings are discussed in three areas: reduction in well-being related to COVID-19, shift in predictive roles of PsyCap HERO dimensions, and coping strategies as a mediator. Your classes may now be virtual. You can only control your own thoughts, feelings and behaviors. The study further analyses the causes of Malaysian university students' grievances and challenges and psychological effects in Mediation models were carried out with bootstrapping procedure with a 95% confidence interval. ), Handbook of emotions (pp. This situation clearly showed the students' helplessness and difficulties with coping with this new, stressful situation, highlighted in many previous studies. Chronicle of Higher Education. The statistical analysis showed that during the coronavirus pandemic, Polish students most often used the coping strategies of: acceptance, planning, and seeking emotional support. To avoid being overwhelmed, set limits on your media consumption and smartphone use. Significant risk factors were poor health, prior trauma, poor family functioning, Students practiced their emerging skills in simulated emergency scenarios. Reduction in Well-Being Related to COVID-19 The Journal of Positive Psychology, 13(4), 321332. Is there a significant difference in the well-being of university students prior to the onset of COVID-19 (reported retrospectively) and after the onset of COVID-19? Significant risk factors were poor health, prior trauma, poor family functioning, Sheldon and Lyubomirsky (2006) indicated that practicing gratitude helps people to cope with negative situations because it enables them to view such situations through a more positive lens. Coping is often defined as efforts to prevent or diminish the threat, harm, and loss, or to reduce associated distress (Carver & Connor-Smith, 2010, p. 685). The COVID-19 outbreak caused global disruptions in all aspects of life. This study examined the relationships between psychological capital (PsyCap), coping strategies, and well-being among 609 university students using self-report measures. 2020 Sep 17;22(9):e22817. Worries about sickness, finances, and isolation, coping with grief from loss, and having less outside help have made parenting more stressful. 2023 Feb 8;20(4):2988. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20042988. Trauma, recovery, and growth: Positive psychological perspectives on posttraumatic stress. Further, the present findings highlight the importance of examining the relationships between each element of well-being and with each HERO dimension. Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Copyright 2023 National Board for Certified Counselors, Inc. and Affiliates. Disclaimer. Crown. The site is secure. Students at a United States university (N = 769) completed an online survey during fall 2020 and spring 2021 semesters. The neurobiology research shows us that relationships and connections are important in mitigating the effects of trauma. 10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.054 https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051813517003, Luthans, B. C., Luthans, K. W., & Jensen, S. M. (2012). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062106, Deaton, A. Mediator coping strategies. Gilbert, D. (2007). Fig 1. Madhyastha, S., Latha, K. S., & Kamath, A. As the students collaborated with one another, they gained greater appreciation for one anothers disciplines and unique skill sets, Johnson-Huff said. This study aims to describe the perception of midwifery students about the use of LMS in English learning activities. Additionally, each pillar of PERMA has been shown to be positively associated with physical health, optimal well-being, and life satisfaction and negatively correlated with depression, fatigue, anxiety, perceived stress, loneliness, and negative emotion (Butler & Kern, 2016). The newly revised approach to foundation skills must deal with this inherent challenge. Simon & Schuster. Now is my chance to help others. Specifically, the study addresses coping strategies and psychological capital (PsyCap; F. Luthans et al., 2007) and how they relate to levels of well-being. Positive psychological capital development: A field study by the Solomon four group design. The COVID-19 outbreak caused global disruptions in all aspects of life. The predictive role of PsyCap on well-being at two time points (before and after the onset of COVID-19) was analyzed using multivariate multiple regression (see Table 2). Meyer, M. L., Wagner, D. D., Holtzheimer, P. E., & Campbell, A. T. (2020). Key findings are that the optimism, hope, and resilience dimensions of PsyCap are significant predictors of well-being, explaining a large amount of variance, with adaptive coping being conducive to flourishing. Some students coped with the shared trauma of the COVID-19 pandemic by focusing their energy inward and using this time for self-care, or https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.46.4.877, Butler, J., & Kern, M. L. (2016). Students at a United States university (N = 769) completed an online survey during fall 2020 and spring 2021 semesters. Indirect effects describing pathways from PsyCap factors to PERMA factors through identified coping strategies were tested for mediating roles. Your classmates, friends or family members may be disobeying the rules about physical distancing or doing other things that add to your stress. The coping strategy of positive reframing (mean) among students in individual program years, Fig 6. Seligmans (2011) PERMA model is one of the most highly regarded models of well-being. There was however an interesting shift in the predictive role of PsyCap dimensions before and after the onset of COVID-19. Careers. Psychological capital and beyond. University Students and Mental Health Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. To conclude, the present findings contribute to existing literature on PsyCap and well-being, using the PERMA model of well-being (Seligman, 2011) among university students in the United States in the context of COVID-19. The impact of COVID-19 on student equity and inclusion: Supporting vulnerable students during school closures and school re-openings 19 November 2020 Abstract A holistic approach to education that addresses students learning, social and emotional needs is crucial, especially in times of crisis. These are potential areas of practice for college counselors and counselors serving university students. Both individual counseling and group-based programming focused on PsyCap and positive coping strategies could support the well-being of university students as they experience ongoing stressors related to the pandemic or as they face other setbacks. Prior to COVID-19, self-efficacy and optimism were the two major psychological resources that predicted university student well-being. Teaching university students active coping strategies, such as positive reframing and how to access emotional support, could help them cope with adverse situations. Interventions that are described as well-being approaches rather than those that highlight pathologies are less stigmatizing (Hunt & Eisenberg, 2010; Umucu et al., 2020) than traditional deficit-based therapeutic approaches. The following research questions guided our work: Participants Such a decline in well-being following a pandemic is consistent with previous occurrences of public health crises or natural disasters (Deaton, 2012). WebThis study intends to investigate the extent to which students' learning experience has been meaningful and satisfying, and their sentiment on online distance learning due to the implementation of emergency remote teaching (ERT). https://news.gallup.com/poll/310250/worry-stress-fuel-record-drop-life-satisfaction.aspx, Youssef-Morgan, C. M., & Luthans, F. (2015). However, there is a paucity of research to address the possible impacts of the pedagogical shift integrated into new online platforms on learning, interaction, and assessment, especially in higher education settings from the vantage point of EFL Journal of College Student Development, 50(1), 1934. However, during the pandemic, the covariance of the PsyCap dimensions with well-being increased to 39% (R2 = .39, p < .01). Penguin Press. WebCoping During Covid-19. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.56.2.267. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2011.609844, Luthans, F., Avey, J. Look for tasks you can postpone or simply eliminate from your to-do list. The financial crisis and the well-being of Americans: 2011 OEP Hicks lecture. PsyCaps positive psychological resources (HERO dimensions) may enable students to have a positive appraisal of circumstances (F. Luthans et al., 2007, p. 550) by providing mechanisms for reframing and reinterpreting potentially negative or neutral situations. And there are ways to lessen your stress. Weband is associated with psychosocial coping skills and resources, degree of experienced psy- university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A machine learning approach. Do you have other coping strategies that have helped you reduce stress related to COVID-19? Mental Health of Students at Polish Universities after Two Years of the Outbreak of COVID-19. Of the final 609 participants, 73.7% (n = 449) identified as female, 22% (n = 139) identified as male, and 4.3% (n = 26) identified as non-binary. These feelings are normal. As a flexible learning method, most schools chose online distance learning (ODL). The aim of this study was to understand how the sudden changes and uncertainty resulting from the pandemic affected the well-being of university students during the early period of the pandemic. Therefore, this Web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among university students from https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.20070, Billings, A. G., & Moos, R. H. (1984). Youth can https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-06-2015-0091. Academic stress, coping, emotion regulation, affect and psychosomatic symptoms in higher education. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.02.004, Avey, J. (2018). University students are dealing with uncertain current realities and futures and may need to bolster their internal resources to face the challenges ahead. WebMaintain adequate nutrition by eating three healthy meals per day; now is a great time to try new recipes! Assessing the effects of a personal effectiveness training on psychological capital, assertiveness and self-awareness using self-other agreement. There is robust empirical support suggesting that individuals with higher PsyCap have higher levels of performance (job and academic); satisfaction; engagement; attitudinal, behavioral, and relational outcomes; and physical and psychological health and well-being outcomes. Research Question 2 College student retention: An exploration of the relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and purpose in life among university students. Visualizations can help you calm down, detach from whats stressing you, and reduce your bodys stress response. Do coping strategies play a mediating role in the relationship between PsyCap and well-being. Two significant challenges to counseling professionals on college campuses are the lack of resources to adequately respond to mental health concerns among students and the stigma associated with accessing services (R. P. Gallagher, 2014; Michaels et al., 2015). Healthcare workers were exposed to this highly infectious virus during the pandemic and suffered several social and psychological consequences, such as anxiety, psychological distress, and burnout. Thus, efficient interventions that are not likely to trigger stigma responses are helpful in this context. Background The COVID-19 pandemic led to major changes in peoples lives via protective strategies aimed at limiting the transmission of COVID-19, including social distancing, lockdowns, cancelled or limited leisure activities and tutorials and supervision for students taking place digital. College Quarterly, 16(1). (2007) developed PsyCap from research in positive organizational behavior and positive psychology. Think about how you can honor what youve achieved. SuperBetter: A revolutionary approach to getting stronger, happier, braver and more resilient. Get enough sleep. Point-biserial correlation and Pearson product moment correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the relationships of demographic variables, PsyCap, and coping strategies with change in PERMA scores. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20593, Tansey, T. N., Smedema, S., Umucu, E., Iwanaga, K., Wu, J.-R., Cardoso, E. D. S., & Strauser, D. (2018). Thus, in general, internal consistency reliability coefficients tend to be relatively smaller ( = .5 to .9). Gallagher, M. W., & Lopez, S. J. https://doi.org/10.2196/20185, Hunt, J., & Eisenberg, D. (2010). Following the biopsychosocial model of health, the goal of the current study was to predict peoples psychological well-being (PWB) during the initial lockdown phase of the pandemic and to investigate which coping strategies were most common among people with low and high Instead of worrying about our ambiguous future, focus on solving immediate problems. An invitation to participate, which included a link to an informed consent form and the survey, was distributed to all university students at two large U.S. public institutions in the Midwest and the South via campus-wide electronic mailing lists. https://doi.org/10.5502/ijw.v10i2.855, Lipson, S. K., Lattie, E. G., & Eisenberg, D. (2019).